@a = ();
 
@a = ( 'xx', 11, 33.5, );
 
@a = 12..33;
 
$a[2] = 'something';
 
$len = scalar(@a);
# or
$len = @a;
 
@a3 = ('xx', @a1, @a2);
 
($x, $y) = @a;
 
$a[@a] = 'new'; # push
 
push
pop
shift
unshift
splice
 
foreach $i (@a) { .. }
 

$a = array();
 
$a = array( 'xx', 11, 33.5, );
 
$a = range(12,33);
 
$a[2] = 'something';
 
$len = count($a);
 
 
 
$a3 = array_merge('xx', $a1, $a2);
 
list($x, $y) = $a;
 
$a[] = 'new'; # push
 
array_push
array_pop
array_shift
array_unshift
array_splice
 
foreach ($a as $i) { .. }
 

%h = ();
 
%h = ( 'x' => 'y',
'z' => 'w',
);
 
$h{'x'} = 7;
 
while (($key,$value) = each(%h))
{ .. }
 
$a = keys(%h);
$b = values(%h);
 
delete $h{'x'};
 

$h = array();
 
$h = array( 'x' => 'y',
'z' => 'w',
);
 
$h['x'] = 7;
 
foreach ($h as $key => $value)
{ .. }
 
$a = array_keys($h);
$b = array_values($h);
 
unset( $h['x'] );
 
 

%h = ('a'=>13, 'b'=>25);
@x = ('hi', 'there', 'all',);
 
@mix = ( %h, @x,
[33..39],
{ x=>15, yy=>23, },
);
 
$mix[0]->{'b'} # == 25
$mix[0]{'b'} # == 25
$mix[2]->[2] # =  35
$mix[2][2] # == 35
 
 

$h = array('a'=>13, 'b'=>25);
$x = array('hi', 'there', 'all',);
 
$mix = array($h, $x,
range(33,39),
array('x'=>15, 'yy'=>23),
);
 
$mix[0]['b'] # == 25
 
$mix[2][2] # == 35
 
 

@a = split( '|', $s );
 
@a = split( 's+', $s );
 
 
$s = join( '|', @a );
 

$a = preg_split( '/|/', $s,
-1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY );
$a = preg_split( '/s+/', $s,
-1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY );
 
$s = join( '|', $a );
 

$s = lc($s);
$s = uc($s);
 
$s =~ tr/a-z/A-Z/;
 

$s = strtolower($s);
$s = strtoupper($s);
 
 
 

$s1 eq $s2
 
 
 
$s1 lt $s2
 

strcmp($s1,$s2) == 0
# or
$s1 === $s2
 
strcmp($s1,$s2) < 0
 

sub foo {
my @args = @_;
}
 
sub foo {
$x = 5;
}
 
 
 
 
 
foo2( @a, %h );
 

function foo() {
$args = func_get_args();
}
 
function foo() {
global $x;
$x = 5;
}
 
function foo2($x, $y) {
}
 
foo2( $a, $h );
 

$s =~ m/(w+)/;
$substr = $1;
 
@all = ($s =~ m/(w+)/g);
 
 
$s =~ s/s+/X/;
$s =~ s/s+/X/g;
 
$s =~ s/^s+|s+$//g;
 

preg_match( "/(w+)/", $s, $match );
$substr = $match[1];
 
preg_match_all( "/(w+)/", $s, $match );
$all = $match[0];
 
$s = preg_replace( "/s+/", 'X', $s, 1 );
$s = preg_replace( "/s+/", 'X', $s );
 
$s = trim($s);
 

use File::Basename;
 
$b = basename($path);
$d = dirname($path);
 

 
 
$b = basename($path);
$d = dirname($path);
 

%ENV
 
$ENV{REQUEST_METHOD}
 
$ARGV[$i]
 
$0
 

$_SERVER
 
$_SERVER[REQUEST_METHOD]
 
$argv[$i+1]
 
$argv[0] # Php/CGI only
 

#form/hyperlink parameters:
# s : single-valued
# m : multi-valued
 
use CGI (:standard);
 
 
 
 
$s = param('s');
@m = param('m');
 
@param_names = param();
$num_params = param();
 

#form/hyperlink parameters:
# s : single-valued
# m[] : multi-valued
# (such as multi-selections
# and checkbox groups)
 
$PARAM
= array_merge($_GET, $_POST);
 
$s = $PARAM['s']; # a scalar
$m = $PARAM['m']; # an array
 
$param_names = array_keys($PARAM);
$num_params = count($PARAM);
 

use CGI (:standard);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ref = "x.cgi";
a({href=>$ref}, "yy")
 
textfield({name=>"yy", size=>5})
 
password({name=>"yy", size=>5})
 
textarea({name=>"yy",
cols=>5, rows=>2})
 
submit({value=>"yy"})
 
button( {name=>"xx",
value=>"yy",
onclick=>"submit()",
}
)
 
%labels = (0=>'a',1=>'q',2=>'x');
popup_menu( { name=>"xx",
values=>[0..2],
labels=>%labels,
size=>4,
}
)
 
 
@a = ('xx','yy','zz');
radio_group( { name=>'nn',
values=> @a,
default=>'_',
linebreak=>1,
}
)
 
%labels = ('xx'=>'L1','yy'=>'L2');
@a = keys( %labels );
checkbox_group( { name=>'nn',
values=> @a,
labels=> %labels,
}
)
 
table(
Tr(
[
td(['a','b']),
td(['x','y']),
]
)
)
 
 

# The Perl/CGI functions have the
# additional property of "stability"
# when used in reentrant forms.
# The values of the HTML elements are
# set according to the incoming
# parameter values for those elements.
# The versions below are not stable.
 
$ref = "x.php";
<a href="<?php echo $ref?>">yy</a>
 
<input type=text name=yy size=5>
 
<input type=password name=yy size=5>
 
<textarea name=yy cols=5 rows=2>
 
</textarea>
 
<input type="submit" value=yy>
 
<input type="button"
name="xx" value="yy"
onclick="submit()">
 
 
 
<select name="xx" size="4">
<?php
$labels = array(0=>'a',1=>'q',2=>'x');
foreach (range(0,2) as $_)
echo "<option value='$_'>",
$labels[$_];
?>
 
</select>
 
$a = array('xx','yy','zz');
foreach ($a as $_)
echo "<input type=radio
name=nn value='$_'>$_<br>";
 
 
 
 
$labels = array('xx'=>'L1','yy'=>'L2');
foreach (array_keys($labels) as $_)
echo "<input type=checkbox
name=nn value='$_'>",
$labels[$_];
 
 
 
<table>
<tr>
<td>a</td><td>b</td>
 
</tr>
<tr>
<td>x</td><td>y</td>
</tr>
</table>
 

use URI::Escape;
 
uri_escape($val)
uri_($val)
 

 
 
 
urlencode($val)
urldecode($val)
 

use DBI;
$dbh = DBI->connect(
'DBI:mysql:test:localhost',
$usr,$pwd
);
 
$dbh->do( $sql_op )
 
$query = $dbh->prepare( $sql_op );
$query->execute();
 
while(
@record = $query->fetchrow() )
{ .. }
 
 
$dbh->quote($val)
 
 
 
 

 
$dbh = mysql_connect(
'localhost', $usr, $pwd
);
mysql_query('USE test')
 
mysql_query( $sql_op );
 
$results = mysql_query( $sql_op );
 
 
while($record =
mysql_fetch_row($results))
{ .. }
 
 
"'" . addslashes($val) . "'"